In 535 adults with overweight or obesity from the DiOGenes cohort, researchers split insulin resistance into its muscle and liver forms and profiled 1,128 plasma proteins. Muscle insulin resistance tracked 160 proteins dominated by inflammatory pathways, including IL-6 signalling; liver insulin resistance tracked 81 proteins centred on the complement system, with lower IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, adiponectin and SHBG. Only 12 proteins overlapped. The authors argue this supports tissue-specific rather than one-size-fits-all interventions.
Read source →A three-hour deep dive with metabolic researcher Ben Bikman on what actually drives insulin resistance, why insulin matters as a measure independently of glucose, how diet, exercise and sleep each move the needle, and where GLP-1 agonists fit into the picture. Hosted by Rhonda Patrick.
Listen →A three-hour deep dive with metabolic researcher Ben Bikman on what actually drives insulin resistance, why insulin matters as a measure independently of glucose, how diet, exercise and sleep each move the needle, and where GLP-1 agonists fit into the picture. Hosted by Rhonda Patrick.
Listen →Ralph DeFronzo, M.D. — the researcher who helped bring metformin to the US and developed SGLT2 inhibitors — walks through the pathophysiology of insulin resistance across muscle, liver, and fat, and how it's measured, prevented, diagnosed, and treated.
Listen →Ralph DeFronzo, M.D. walks through the pathophysiology of insulin resistance across muscle, liver, and fat, and how it's measured, prevented, diagnosed, and treated.
Listen →Bikman's short-format lecture series on the practical side: which tests actually surface insulin resistance (and why fasting glucose alone routinely misses it), plus what changes it. Tighter and more focused than the long-form interviews.
Listen →A widely-read explainer on how glucose tolerance and mitochondrial energy output decline with age, and the practical levers (diet, exercise, sleep) with the most human evidence behind them for preserving metabolic health.
Read source →Attia and Huberman work through the research on metformin as a longevity drug. Along the way Attia explains how insulin resistance develops — starting in muscle — and its role in type 2 diabetes. A useful look at how to read the evidence behind a much-hyped intervention.
Listen →Reviews dietary approaches to insulin resistance. The Mediterranean diet has the strongest evidence, with consistent HOMA-IR reductions and a 31% lower type 2 diabetes incidence in PREDIMED-Plus. Low-carbohydrate and ketogenic diets produce the largest short-term drops in fasting glucose and insulin, but their sustainability is unclear. The authors caution that most studies use surrogate indices, last 26 weeks or less, and struggle to separate diet effects from weight loss.
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