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FAT LOSSPhase IIIGLP-1 AGONISTGLUCAGON AGONISTDUAL AGONIST

Survodutide

Also known as: BI 456906 · BI-456906

8.1k views/week 76 citations 5 edits Updated 4/4/2026

Survodutide (BI 456906) is a GLP-1/glucagon dual receptor agonist co-developed by Boehringer Ingelheim and Zealand Pharma. It achieved 14.9% weight loss over 46 weeks (Phase 2) and showed breakthrough Phase 2 results for NASH/MASLD resolution — one of the most promising agents for liver disease in its class.

STRUCTURE

Molecular Composition

FORMULA
C₁₅₄H₂₄₃N₄₃O₄₈ (approx)
MOL. WEIGHT
~3480 Da
SEQUENCE LENGTH
33 amino acids
CAS NUMBER
2173074-89-8
TARGETS
GLP-1R · GCGR (high GCGR)
DEVELOPER
BI / Zealand Pharma
AMINO ACID CHAIN VISUALIZATION
H
Histidine
GLP-1R N-terminal start
NH-CO
A
Aib
DPP-IV resistance
NH-CO
Q
Glutamine
GCGR potency tuning
NH-CO
G
Glycine
backbone flexibility
NH-CO
T
Threonine
receptor contact
NH-CO
F
Phenylalanine
hydrophobic binding
NH-CO
K
Lysine*
fatty acid anchor
SEQUENCEH-A-Q-G-T-F-K
MECHANISMS

How It Works

🎯
High-Glucagon Dual GLP-1/GCGR Agonism
Survodutide was deliberately designed with a higher GCGR:GLP-1R activity ratio compared to mazdutide or retatrutide. This amplifies hepatic fat oxidation effects, making it the leading dual agonist for NASH/MASLD — an indication where maximizing liver GCGR engagement matters more than maximizing weight loss magnitude.
🏆
NASH Resolution — Breakthrough Phase 2 Data
Phase 2 NASH trial: 83% of survodutide high-dose responders achieved NASH resolution without fibrosis worsening (vs. 18% placebo). Fibrosis improvement by ≥1 stage occurred in 54% vs. 18% placebo. These results rival or exceed all previously published NASH pharmacotherapy data, including approved resmetirom.
🔬
Hepatic Beta-Oxidation via GCGR
Glucagon receptor activation in hepatocytes upregulates PPAR-α, driving mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation. This directly reduces hepatic fat content, lowers lipotoxic intermediates (DAG, ceramides) that drive stellate cell activation, and creates an anti-inflammatory hepatic environment — the mechanistic foundation for fibrosis improvement.
⚗️
Zealand Pharma Glucagon Engineering
The molecule incorporates Zealand Pharma's proprietary glucagon analogue engineering platform — multiple amino acid modifications that maximize GCGR potency and selectivity while achieving the albumin-binding half-life extension needed for once-weekly dosing. The GLP-1 activity mitigates GCGR-driven hyperglycemia.
OVERVIEW

Research Overview

Survodutide was developed using Zealand Pharma's glucagon-based peptide engineering and is co-developed with Boehringer Ingelheim. It has a distinct molecular architecture with intentionally higher glucagon receptor potency relative to GLP-1 activity — a differentiated profile suited for liver disease indications.

Phase 2 NASH results were particularly notable: survodutide achieved NASH resolution without worsening of fibrosis in 83% of responders — a landmark result in an indication that has historically resisted pharmacological resolution.

Mechanism of Action

// HIGH-GLUCAGON GLP-1/GCGR DUAL AGONISM

Survodutide activates both GLP-1R and GCGR with an intentionally higher GCGR:GLP-1R activity ratio compared to other dual agonists. This amplifies hepatic fat oxidation effects.

// HEPATIC STEATOSIS RESOLUTION

Glucagon receptor activation upregulates PPAR-α, promoting mitochondrial beta-oxidation of fatty acids and reducing hepatic triglyceride accumulation.

// FIBROSIS IMPROVEMENT

Phase 2 data showed concomitant fibrosis improvement, likely through reduced hepatic stellate cell activation secondary to reduced lipotoxicity and inflammation.

SEQUENCE

Amino Acid Sequence

Modified peptide sequence (GLP-1/glucagon dual agonist; Boehringer Ingelheim)
DOSAGE

Dosage & Administration

INJECTABLE (SUBCUTANEOUS) — PHASE 3 OBESITY RANGE
DOSE
0.3 mg → 0.9 mg → 1.8 mg → 3.6 mg → 4.8 mg
FREQUENCY
Once weekly; escalate every 4 weeks over 16 weeks
NOTES
Phase 3 SYNCHRONIZE obesity trial doses. 4.8 mg/week maintenance achieved 14.9% weight loss in Phase 2. Inject into abdomen, thigh, or upper arm. Slower GI tolerability with higher glucagon potency — do not accelerate escalation.
INJECTABLE (SUBCUTANEOUS) — PHASE 3 NASH/MASLD RANGE
DOSE
2.4 mg → 4.8 mg
FREQUENCY
Once weekly; maintained for 48–72 weeks in FRONTIER trials
NOTES
FRONTIER Phase 3 NASH doses. Higher glucagon component is specifically advantageous for NASH/MASLD indication — hepatic fat oxidation via GCGR is the primary mechanism for liver histology improvement. Maintain injection site rotation.

Survodutide is distinguished from other dual GLP-1/glucagon agonists by its intentionally higher glucagon receptor potency ratio — a deliberate design choice to maximize hepatic fat metabolism for the NASH/MASLD indication. This higher glucagon activity may produce more nausea during titration than equivalent GLP-1/glucagon agents. Phase 2 NASH data showing 83% resolution in responders was among the strongest results reported for any NASH agent. Not yet approved as of 2024.

CYCLING

Cycle Duration Guide

ON CYCLE
Continuous use (Phase 3 trials use 48–72 week treatment periods)
OFF CYCLE
No established off-cycle for NASH/obesity indications.

NASH treatment requires sustained histological improvement, which necessitates long-term continuous therapy. Phase 3 FRONTIER trials are run at 48–72 weeks to demonstrate sustained fibrosis improvement. The obesity indication follows the standard chronic-use GLP-1 model. No cycling protocols have been evaluated for this compound.

Higher glucagon receptor potency means stronger thermogenic and potentially pro-glycemic effects — monitor blood glucose carefully in diabetic patients during titration. GI adverse effects may be more pronounced than with pure GLP-1 agonists during the escalation phase.

NOTES

Research Notes

Phase 2 obesity (46 weeks): 14.9% weight loss at 4.8 mg vs. 2.8% placebo. Phase 2 NASH/MASLD (48 weeks): 83% of high-dose responders achieved NASH resolution without fibrosis worsening (vs. 18% placebo); fibrosis improvement in 54% vs. 18% placebo.

Quick Reference
FORMULAC₁₅₄H₂₄₃N₄₃O₄₈ (approx)
MOL. WEIGHT3,480 Da
LENGTH33 amino acids
ORIGINSynthetic GLP-1/glucagon dual agonist (Boehringer Ingelheim / Zealand Pharma)
HALF-LIFE~7 days (weekly dosing)
SOLUBILITYWater-soluble; solution for injection
CAS NO.2173074-89-8
STATUSPhase III
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TAGS
GLP-1 agonistglucagon agonistdual agonistNASHMASLDobesityliver disease