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FAT LOSSResearch OnlyFAT LOSSLIPOLYSISHGH FRAGMENT

AOD-9604

Also known as: Anti-Obesity Drug 9604 · hGH Fragment 177-191 · Tyr-hGH Frag 177-191

21.5k views/week 184 citations 18 edits Updated 7/8/2026

AOD-9604 is a modified fragment of human growth hormone (hGH residues 177–191) with an added N-terminal tyrosine residue. Unlike full HGH, it stimulates lipolysis and inhibits lipogenesis without affecting growth, IGF-1 levels, insulin sensitivity, or blood glucose — making it a targeted fat-loss agent. FDA GRAS status granted in 2014.

STRUCTURE

Molecular Composition

FORMULA
C₇₈H₁₂₃N₂₃O₂₃S₂
MOL. WEIGHT
1817.12 Da
SEQUENCE LENGTH
16 amino acids
CAS NUMBER
221231-10-3
ORIGIN
hGH fragment 177–191
FDA STATUS
GRAS (2014)
AMINO ACID CHAIN VISUALIZATION
Y
Tyrosine
N-terminal stability (added)
NH-CO
L
Leucine
hydrophobic core
NH-CO
R
Arginine
receptor interaction
NH-CO
I
Isoleucine
hydrophobic packing
NH-CO
V
Valine
core structure
NH-CO
C
Cysteine
disulfide bridge (C7-C14)
NH-CO
F
Phenylalanine
C-terminal activity
SEQUENCEY-L-R-I-V-C-F
MECHANISMS

How It Works

🔥
Targeted Lipolysis via β3-AR Pathway
AOD-9604 stimulates lipolysis in adipocytes through a mechanism similar to beta-3 adrenergic receptor activation — independent of IGF-1 or growth hormone receptor signaling. It activates hormone-sensitive lipase, triggering triglyceride hydrolysis into free fatty acids and glycerol for energy utilization. Effects are preferential in visceral and subcutaneous fat depots.
Lipogenesis Inhibition
Simultaneously inhibits fatty acid synthase (FAS) expression in adipose tissue — reducing de novo lipogenesis (the conversion of dietary carbohydrates to stored fat). This dual action (stimulate fat breakdown + block fat synthesis) creates a favorable net fat balance without dietary restriction.
🛡
No IGF-1 or Growth Effects
Critical safety advantage: AOD-9604 contains only the C-terminal fragment of HGH (177–191) and does not activate the growth hormone receptor (GHR) or stimulate IGF-1 production. This means no growth promotion, no insulin resistance risk, no carcinogenic IGF-1 elevation, and no pituitary feedback suppression — distinguishing it fundamentally from HGH or GH secretagogues.
🦴
Chondrogenic / Cartilage Repair
Unexpected secondary mechanism: AOD-9604 stimulates proteoglycan synthesis in chondrocytes and has demonstrated cartilage repair activity in preclinical and Phase 2 clinical studies. Intra-articular injection for knee osteoarthritis showed statistically significant pain and function improvement — a completely separate indication from its fat loss mechanism.
OVERVIEW

Research Overview

AOD-9604 was developed at Monash University, Australia, by researchers who identified that the lipolytic properties of growth hormone resided in its C-terminal region (residues 177–191). This selective profile is its key differentiator from HGH: it does not elevate IGF-1, it does not affect insulin signaling, and the FDA has granted it GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) status as a food ingredient in 2014.

Mechanism of Action

// SELECTIVE LIPOLYSIS via β3-AR PATHWAY

AOD-9604 stimulates lipolysis in adipocytes through a beta-3 adrenergic receptor-like mechanism — independent of the IGF-1 pathway used by full HGH. It activates hormone-sensitive lipase, triggering triglyceride hydrolysis.

// LIPOGENESIS INHIBITION

Inhibits fatty acid synthase (FAS) expression in adipose tissue, reducing de novo lipogenesis. This dual action creates a net negative fat balance.

// CARTILAGE REPAIR

Independently stimulates proteoglycan synthesis in cartilage and has been investigated for osteoarthritis treatment via intra-articular injection.

DOSAGE

Dosage & Administration

INJECTABLE (SUBCUTANEOUS) — FAT LOSS PROTOCOL
DOSE
300–500 µg
FREQUENCY
Once daily, fasted (before morning cardio or upon waking)
NOTES
Most common research protocol. Inject subcutaneously 30–60 minutes before fasted cardio for maximum lipolytic effect. Reconstitute lyophilized powder with bacteriostatic water. Refrigerate after reconstitution; use within 30 days.
INJECTABLE (SUBCUTANEOUS) — TWICE DAILY PROTOCOL
DOSE
250–300 µg
FREQUENCY
Twice daily (AM fasted + pre-workout or pre-bed)
NOTES
More aggressive fat-loss protocol used in some research contexts. Morning dose fasted, second dose 30–60 min pre-workout or before sleep (short half-life means no sleep disruption). Total daily dose ≤600 µg recommended.
ORAL (EXPERIMENTAL — GRAS USE)
DOSE
1–3 mg
FREQUENCY
Once daily on empty stomach
NOTES
AOD-9604 GRAS status permits oral use in supplements. Oral bioavailability is lower than subcutaneous but meaningful — some supplement formulations use oral AOD-9604. Higher dose compensates for GI degradation. Less studied route than injection.

AOD-9604 is one of the safest metabolic peptides due to its highly selective mechanism — it does not affect IGF-1, blood glucose, insulin sensitivity, or growth. It is not anabolic and produces no hormonal side effects. FDA GRAS status confirms its favorable safety profile. It is most effective when paired with fasted cardio, caloric deficit, and adequate protein intake. Not effective as a standalone obesity treatment at clinical scale — best used as part of a comprehensive body composition protocol.

CYCLING

Cycle Duration Guide

ON CYCLE
8–12 weeks
OFF CYCLE
4–6 weeks

AOD-9604 does not suppress natural GH production or IGF-1, so there is no mandatory cycling requirement based on receptor downregulation. However, cycling is used in research protocols to assess effects, prevent any potential receptor adaptation, and allow evaluation of maintained results during off-phase. Effects persist modestly beyond the treatment period due to changes in adipocyte enzyme expression.

NOTES

Research Notes

Phase 2b/3 clinical trials in Australia showed dose-dependent fat mass reduction without changes in lean mass, IGF-1, or glucose metabolism. FDA GRAS status granted 2014. Cartilage repair Phase 2 showed significant WOMAC improvements in knee OA patients.

Quick Reference
FORMULAC₇₈H₁₂₃N₂₃O₂₃S₂
MOL. WEIGHT1,817.12 Da
LENGTH16 amino acids
ORIGINSynthetic fragment of human growth hormone (hGH residues 177–191); Monash University
HALF-LIFE~30 minutes (subcutaneous injection)
SOLUBILITYReconstitute with bacteriostatic water; stable in solution for 30 days at 4°C
CAS NO.221231-10-3
STATUSResearch Only
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TAGS
fat losslipolysisHGH fragmentanti-obesitycartilage repair